Tag Archives: Old Testament

The Jewish Interpretation of Scripture

Interfaith dialog is one of the parts of active navy duty I miss the most. Learning how Christians of different denomination interpret the Bible fascinates me.  Enlightening my colleagues and fellow service members with the Jewish interpretation of Scripture is gratifying. While examining the similarities between the legalistic nature of Judaism and Islam intrigue me.

The Jewish Interpretation of Scripture

Do you have a question about a part of Scripture? Would you like to get the Jewish interpretation? Each week I discuss a portion of the Torah (the first five books of the Bible) known as a parsha or sedra. I call these posts Parsha Nuggets. So if you submit a question I'll answer it. Watch my Facebook page or Twitter feed to find out what section is coming up soon. Then post a comment here by clicking on the link. Include your name and a link to your blog if you would like me to mention them.

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If you have a question about the Prophets (Neviim) or Writings (Kesuvim) or a Jewish holiday or practice post a comment too. Undoubtedly others are curious too.

The Secret to Facing Up to Adversity

“And Noah built an altar to G-d and he took from every tahor animal and every tahor bird and he brought up burnt offerings on the altar.” (Bereshis/Genesis 8:20). Noah and his family leave the ark at G-d’s command and the first thing he does is bring offerings. Surely the Creator does not expect us to do such a thing. So what does He expect?

The Secret to Facing Up to Adversity

The parsha for this Sabbath is Noach. In it, we read about G-d choosing Noah to save humans, animals, birds, and creeping things from total destruction in the flood He is bringing on account of the tremendous corruption among people. Rain falls for 40 days and nights and the waters churn for another 150 days. After they recede he brings an offering to G-d.

But then Noah defiles himself when he plants a vineyard and gets drunk on wine. One of his sons, Ham, reveals his base character when he sees his father naked and inebriated in his tent then goes and tells his other brothers who handle the incident properly and are blessed for it. The parsha concludes with a listing of the descendants from Noah that formed the 70 nations, the story of the tower of Babel and dispersions of the nations, and finally the ten generations from Noah to Abraham.

Whenever I think about the story of Noah I am reminded of Bill Cosby’s routine. If you have not heard it I highly recommend it. Much of Cosby’s interpretation of how Noah behaved rings true with our commentators. For example, after G-d gives Noah instructions for building the ark Cosby’s Noah replies, “Right . . . what’s a cubit?” Would we have been any less bemused if we were in Noah’s place?

Noah is one of the best-known personalities in the Tanach. Yet rarely is he discussed in the context of his greatest contribution. Many commentators have written extensively about the backhanded compliment given to Noah at the beginning of the parsha, that he was a righteous man, in his times. His memory has been preserved in religious as well as popular lore for building the ark. One commentary I read called him the first conservationist because he saw to it that all of the species of animals survived the flood. At this point, his list of accomplishments ends.

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But his most significant service to the world did not begin until after the flood was over. G-d orders Noah out of the ark. And Noah begins rebuilding the world. Imagine what kind of perseverance it took to do this after having lived in a world so depraved G-d destroyed it, then through years of insults while he built the ark, and then months in the ark mucking out stalls. He gets out of the ark to a decimated world and has to start all over again. Noah was a survivor.

Have you had to muster such indefatigability? Will you be able to when you need it? No matter how exhausted you are by adversity and no matter how hopeless rebuilding your decimated life and the world may seem, the message of Noah is that to be one of G-d’s children you must pick up that first brick and start all over again.

But before you heft it, you would be wise to remember the first thing Noah did when he set foot on dry land. He built an altar and brought offerings thanking G-d. When faced with destruction and despair, remember Noah and his legacy, choose that moment to thank the Almighty for saving you, and for giving you the chance to keep going.

Question – How do you find the strength to be thankful amidst anguish?

Please comment on this question or ask another question below.

Do You Make This Friendship Shattering Mistake?

“And the Egyptians mistreated us and afflicted us . . .” (Devarim/Deuteronomy 26:6). When the Torah refers to “us” it usually uses the word lanu but in this verse it uses osanu. When an unusual word is used you can bet there is some deeper meaning behind it.

Do You Make This Friendship Shattering Mistake?

The parsha for this Sabbath is Ki Savo. Moses continues preparing the Israelites to enter the Land of Israel by discussing the mitzvah of the first fruits offering, reiterating the inseparability of G-d and Israel, and detailing the blessings and curses that will befall them depending on how well they adhere to the Torah. At the end of the parsha Moses begins his final exhortation.

Rabbi Mordechai Gifter, in Pirke Torah, notes that the Egyptians mistreated the Children of Israel by slandering them. By making them appear evil to others they caused people to think that the Israelites should not be treated justly or humanely. As a result, the Egyptians were able to enslave them even though a generation before a Jew, Joseph, saved their lives. The Nazis and Stalinists, among others, did the same thing in more recent history.

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This practice happens on the micro level too. When you hear someone denigrating another person do you stop to consider whether the reports are true or why the person is speaking negatively about someone else? Did the incident actually occur and was it as egregious as it is being portrayed or does the person have another agenda?

You are obligated to judge whether the story is true before lending it credence. If you cannot verify it consider what might be the storyteller’s ulterior motive. Possibly he is trying to cover up bad behavior on his part.

Even when you conclude that the person actually did something wrong, reflect on whether the incident justifies any improper treatment the storyteller is proposing. Everyone makes mistakes. Be careful to fully investigate before condemning someone or accepting another’s condemnation.

Question – How do you determine if criticism of someone is justified?

You can leave a comment on this question or ask another question below

 

Every year beginning on Simchas Torah, the cycle of reading the Torah, the first five books of the Bible, ends and begins again. Each Sabbath a portion known as a sedra or parsha is read. It is named after the first significant word or two with which this weekly reading begins.

Do you have a question about the Old Testament? Ask it here and I will answer it in a future Parsha Nugget!

Getting What You Really Want: Step 1

“And it will be if you did not desire her . . .” (Devarim/Deuteronomy 21:14). Again this week small details yield deeper meaning. The Torah uses the past tense phrase “did not” to describe an event happening in the future. It seems the verse should read, “do not (or will not) want her,” no?

Getting What You Really Want: Step 1

The parsha for this Sabbath is Ki Seitzei. It contains more mitzvos (74) than any other parsha including how to handle a beautiful female POW, the right of the first-born to an inheritance, how a wayward and rebellious son is handled, our concern for another’s property, men not wearing women’s clothing and vice versa (Ooops for Jack Lemmon,) and sending away the mother bird before gathering her eggs.making

Then it covers making tzitzis for a four cornered garment, how a libeler of a woman is to be treated, the penalties for adultery and rape, several rules about marriage and divorce, how the Israelites were to keep their camp tahor, laws concerning workers’ rights, kidnapping, lending and punishments, the penalty for embarrassing someone, the admonition to have honest weights and measures and finally the strange commandment not to forget to wipe out the memory of Amalek.

In his compilation, Maayanah Shel Torah, Rabbi Alexander Zusia Friedman explains Hebrew has two words for a person’s attraction to another: chaisek and chofaitz. The former is used when passion and lust are the driving factors. The latter, when you make a rational decision that something is good for you.

When dealing with a beautiful captive, in the above verse the Torah refers to her captor’s desire as lo chafatah, meaning rationally he did not want her. As you might imagine, after fulfilling her term of mourning, her captor’s ardor likely decreased or ceased altogether. Indeed this is one of the reasons for his having to wait. Had he been more self-disciplined from the start he would have realized his attraction was the aftermath of the lust of battle.

It is important to develop the ability to distinguish between what you desire and what you want. How often have you seen a friend marry someone purely because of physical attraction only to find the spouses end up hating each other because they have nothing substantial on which to base their relationship?

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The same principle applies to all major decisions including buying a car or a house. The sporty little two-seat convertible may stir your passion but can you afford the insurance and maintenance and will it transport your family of four?

Better to make decisions based on rational, well thought out wants. With respect to relationships, invest the emotion in them that will ignite passion.

Question – When do you think it is okay to be driven by lust?

You can leave a comment on this question or ask another question below

Don’t Confuse Trust in God with Irresponsibility

“Complete (in all ways) you will be with your G-d.” (Devarim/Deuteronomy 18:13). The Hebrew word for complete, tamim, is in the plural form. Rashi interprets this completeness as wholeheartedness.

Face Your Fear

The parsha for this Sabbath is Shoftim. In it Moses reviews the commandment to establish courts, how to handle certain crucial types of cases, the appointing of a King, the gifts for the Priests, how to tell if someone is really a prophet, setting up cities of refuge, how the Israelites will conduct war, and what to do about an unsolved murder.

Vividly do I remember when I was trying to join the navy Chaplain Corps and was not making any progress. The question that loomed largest was: How do I know when it is G-d’s will? Consulting with a friend more learned than me he said, “when you have tried everything and have no strength left then you can place your reliance in G-d.” Once I internalized his wisdom the rest of the process went much more smoothly.

When faced with a great challenge, it is tempting to put your faith in G-d. By why should He help if you are unwilling to commit deeply to your own growth and success? Here is the key to connecting completeness to wholeheartedness. Once your heart, mind, and soul are totaling invested in your pursuit, then you will be most likely to connect with the Almighty and in turn merit His assistance.

As well, if you chose not to avail yourself of the advantages of contemporary life, how can you expect to receive the Creator’s grace?

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Once Rabbi Yaacov Yisrael Kanievsky, better known as the Steipler, was told about a man who needed a serious operation but refused, saying he had bitachon, trust in G-d. The great sage replied that this person had not mastered trusting in G-d, he was just afraid. Trusting in the Almighty should not be used as an excuse for laziness or irresponsibility to yourself or loved ones. You are obligated to make hishtadlus, human effort, in order to receive G-d’s blessing.

This can be seen at the parting of the Reed Sea. The Children of Israel were trapped between the advancing Egyptian army and the water. Not until Nachshon walked into the sea up to his nose did it split. How much more fortunate are we that G-d rarely requires us to get to the point that we think we may drown before he helps us.

Question – How do you decide when to trust in G-d and when to work harder?

You can leave a comment on this question or ask another question below

 

Every year beginning on Simchas Torah, the cycle of reading the Torah, the first five books of the Bible, ends and begins again. Each Sabbath a portion known as a sedra or parsha is read. It is named after the first significant word or two with which this weekly reading begins.

What verse in the Old Testament would you like to know more about? Ask a question and I will answer it in a future Parsha Nugget!

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